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#  DATASET_NAME: south_dakota.txt	
#  DATASET_DESCRIPTION:	Text file describing the analysis process, sorted by state.
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#  REPORT TITLE: 
#     Estimated Withdrawals from Stream-Valley Aquifers and Refined 
#     Estimated Withdrawals from Selected Aquifers in the United 
#     States, 2000
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#  REPORT SERIES/NUMBER: Scientific Investigations Report 2008-5003 
#  REPORT URL: URL: http://pubs.er.usgs.gov/usgspubs/sir/sir20085003
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#  NAWQA STUDY:	Alluvial Aquifers
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#  METADATA DATE:   August 28, 2008 
#  METADATA CONTACT: Pierre Sargent, Molly Maupin, Stephen Hinkl
#                    U.S. Geological Survey
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#                    voice: 225-298-5481 x 3211
#                    fax:   225-298-5490
#                    email: psargent@usgs.gov
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#  SECONDARY CONTACT:  Molly Maupin
#                      U.S. Geological Survey
#                      230 Collins Road
#                      Boise, ID 83702
#
#                    	voice: 208-387-1307
#                    	fax:   208-387-1372
#                    	email: mamaupin@usgs.gov
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#  TERTIARY CONTACT:   Stephen Hinkle
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#	
#                      voice: 503-251-3237
#                      fax:   503-251-3470
#                      email: srhinkle@usgs.gov
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#  ABSTRACT:  
#     The report authors maintained notes detailing the process that 
#     was used to do the analysis for this report. The pertinent 
#     notes were included in the appendix of the report. 
#     Some details that did not warrant publication reside 
#     in these notes. These notes are being archived in the 
#     event that they might be of use to future water-use 
#     efforts aimed at stream-valley aquifers.
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# Related_Spatial_and_Tabular_Data_Sets:  
#     There are related text files of notes for all 25 states/territories in this study
#     arizona.txt
#     arkansas.txt
#     colorado.txt
#     illinois.txt
#     indiana.txt
#     kansas.txt
#     kentucky.txt
#     louisiana.txt
#     missouri.txt
#     montana.txt
#     nebraska.txt
#     new_mexico.txt
#     new_york.txt
#     new_jersey.txt
#     north_dakota.txt
#     ohio.txt
#     oklahoma.txt
#     pennsylvania.txt
#     puerto_rico.txt
#     south_dakota.txt
#     tennessee.txt
#     texas.txt
#     utah.txt
#     west_virginia.txt
#     wyoming.txt
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#  METADATA Basic documentation of dataset elements:
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#     DATA DESCRIPTION: 
#         Text files describing the analysis process, one text file 
#         for each state
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#     DATA TYPES: ascii text
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#     DATA SOURCES: notes taken during data analysis and from correspondance
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SOUTH DAKOTA DOCUMENTATION 
Created Friday, December 30, 2005



       In South Dakota, the USGS and South Dakota Department of Environment and Natural Resources, (SDDENR), Water Rights Program, are cooperators in the 2000 National Water Use Program compilation. Data contained for the compilation were collected and compiled through the cooperative SD State efforts. In 2000 SDDENR mailed out a water-use questionnaire to each permitted water user requesting total withdrawals, acres (for irrigation sites) and the sources of withdrawals. The completed questionnaires were sent back to the State Office, where the irrigation data was compiled. The digital irrigation data was sent to USGS, along with the hard copy forms of the other types of water uses, this data was then entered into the NWIS Site-Specific Water Use Database System (SWUDS) by USGS. The data for the 2000 compilation are considered to be good.
      Eastern South Dakota has plentiful shallow ground-water supplies, all of which are associated and categorized as part of the Glacial sand and gravel aquifers, but the western half of South Dakota has fewer occurrences of shallow ground water in sufficient quantities. Ground water is not a major source of water in western South Dakota (Agnew and others, 1962).
      In 2000, total water ground-water withdrawals from all aquifers in South Dakota were approximately 222 Mgal/d.  Ground-water withdrawals for public supply, self-supplied industrial, and irrigation uses were about 194 Mgal/d, nearly 88 percent of total ground-water withdrawals.  Alluvial aquifers were not the major contributing supply of ground water in South Dakota, the glacial aquifers were and provided 61% of total ground water for the three uses. Withdrawals from Alluvial aquifers were around 40 Mgal/d, only 18 percent of the total ground-water withdrawals from all aquifers. Withdrawals from the Other aquifer category were a scant 1.9 Mgal/d. Ground-water withdrawn from Alluvial aquifers was used mostly for irrigation purposes (24.9 Mgal/d, or 62 percent of total Alluvial withdrawals); public-supply withdrawals used 15.1 Mgal/d, or 38 percent.  A small amount of ground water from Alluvial aquifers (0.21 Mgal/d) was used for industrial purposes. The withdrawals assigned to Other aquifers were from aquifers in older (Permian, Pennsylvanian and Upper and Lower Mississippian) formations that would not be considered stream-valley aquifers.
      Water-use estimates were aggregated using withdrawal data for sites with aquifer code designations, organized by county. The aquifer codes were grouped into stream-valley aquifer (SVA) groups representing major ones in South Dakota. The Missouri River stream-valley alluvial aquifer (112MSSR) was considered to be part of the more general Alluvial aquifers classification, and was a most productive stream-valley aquifer in South Dakota. In the 2000 compilation, withdrawals from the Missouri SVA were included in the Alluvial aquifers withdrawals, even though the sites are located north of the line of glaciation. This was not a problem for the 2000 compilation because decisions to report withdrawals for unconsolidated sand and gravel aquifers was left to the discretion of the WSC staff. In South Dakota, it was felt that withdrawals from the Missouri SVA (112MSSR) aquifer units should be reported as part of the more general Alluvial aquifers, rather than as part of the glacial sand and gravel aquifers. However, in keeping with the decisions for this study, those Missouri River SVA withdrawals that were north of the Missouri River and within the extent of the glacial boundaries would belong with the glacial sand and gravel aquifers total. This shift would reduce the Alluvial withdrawals by a total of 26.5 Mgal/d and increase the Glacial sand and gravel aquifers accordingly. 
       The Cheyenne River SVA supplied the most ground water for public-supply uses of any SVA (13.2 Mgal/d) largely due to Rapid Citys withdrawals from the Rapid Creek aquifer (Rapid Creek being a tributary to the Cheyenne River).  The industrial withdrawals in Pennington County, just north of Rapid City, were also attributed to the Cheyenne River SVA due to the proximity of the single industrial site to the Rapid Creek aquifer boundary and the fact that Rapid Creek is tributary to the Cheyenne River. The 0.31Mgal/d withdrawals from the Bad River are associated to the town of Fort Pierre, which is located across the Missouri River from the larger city of Pierre. Even though this town is located on the south banks of the Missouri River and withdrawals were assigned to Alluvial aquifers, it is within the extent of the glacial boundary and the 0.31 Mgal/d were not considered as Alluvial aquifers or part of a stream-valley aquifer
      
Reference Cited:
Agnew, Allen F., Tipton, Merlin J., and Steece, Fred V., 1962; South Dakotas ground water needs and supplies, South Dakota State Geological Survey, MI-04 (assessed 30Dec04 from http://jurassic2.sdgs.usd.edu/pubs/pdf/MI-04%20-%2024%20pages.pdf).
      
      
      
      


